Abstract: Speech intelligibility is an important indicator for evaluating the acoustic quality of lecture rooms and auditoria. There are various subjective evaluation methods for speech intelligibility, but their evaluation results for lecture rooms and auditoria vary significantly, with unclear applicability. The relationship curves between speech intelligibility scores and the speech transmission index(STI) were established under 24 architectural acoustic conditions. Then, through sensitivity analysis, correlation analysis, and relational analysis, the applicability of 8 subjective evaluation methods of speech intelligibility belonging to 3 categories was studied. The results show that:(1)Monosyllable word curves exhibit moderate sensitivity(slope:11.7~14.8% per 0.1 STI unit in the 20–80% linear range). Disyllable word and sentence curves show higher initial sensitivity under poor listening conditions but rapid decline in sensitivity with ceiling effects. (2)Open-set phoneme-balanced mono-and disyllable word and daily sentence strongly correlate with subjective perception (r=-0.78 to -0.88), outperforming closed-set rhyme monosyllable and sentence(r=-0.50 to -0.69). The correlation of open-set monosyllable word decreases relatively slowly with the improvement of listening conditions. (3) Monosyllable word rank highest in comprehensive relational degree with subjective-objective parameters, while disyllable word and sentences rank lower. The 75 phoneme-balanced monosyllable word demonstrate optimal applicability due to its wide moderate-sensitivity range, strong perceptual correlation, and top-ranked comprehensive performance. The results can provide a reference for the selection of subjective evaluation methods for speech intelligibility in lecture rooms and auditoria.

Key words: speech intelligibility, monosyllable word, disyllable word , sentence, speech transmission index(STI)

摘要： 言语可懂度是语言声厅堂音质评价的重要指标。当前已有多种言语可懂度主观评价方法，这些方法在语言声厅堂中的评价结果差异较大，适用性并不明确。本文在24种建筑声学条件下建立了言语可懂度得分与语音传输指数（STI）的主、客观评价关系曲线，然后通过敏感度分析、相关性分析和关联度分析研究了3类共8种言语可懂度主观评价方法的适用性，结果表明：（1）单音节词关系曲线呈现适中敏感度，20%~80%线性范围斜率保持在11.7~14.8%/0.1 STI；双音节词和语句关系曲线在听音条件较差时敏感度偏高（斜率达22.7~40.1%/0.1 STI），然后敏感度快速降低并呈现较明显的天花板效应。（2）开集应答的音位平衡单、双音节词和日常句主观评价结果与主观听音感知的相关性较强（r =-0.78~-0.88），明显优于闭集应答的押韵单音节词和矩阵句（r=-0.50~-0.69），但相关性随听音条件改善逐渐减弱。（3）单音节词主观评价结果与主、客观参量的关联度综合排序都较高，双音节词和语句的综合排序都较低，并且听音条件越差三者间的关联度差异相对越大。综合结果表明，在8种方法中音位平衡75词单音节词关系曲线敏感度适中的听音条件范围最大，主观评价结果与主观听音感知呈高度相关，关联度综合排序位列第一，在语言声厅堂中的适用性较好。结果可为语言声厅堂音质评价提供参考。

关键词: 言语可懂度, 单音节词, 双音节词, 语句, 语音传输指数（STI）