Abstract: Operation deformation analysis is widely used in equipment diagnosis. The traditional operation deformation analysis needs a large number of vibration measuring points. This requirement is difficult to be met in engineering practice. This paper proposes an operation deformation analysis method based on limited reference points. The hammering experiment was carried out on the structure to obtain the frequency response function matrix between the reference point and the observation point, the identification model is constructed, and the transfer rate matrix between the reference point and the observation point is calculated. Using the vibration data at finite points and the transfer rate matrix, the operation deformations of all measuring points in the equipment are calculated. In order to verify this method, experimental research was carried out on a test rig. The operating deflection shapes calculated with the finite reference point method well reflect the real operation deformation, and the abnormal vibration at a certain section is found. The feasibility of this method is demonstrated.

Key words: vibration and wave , reference point , transmission rate , operation deformation , frequency response function

摘要： 运行变形分析在设备诊断中得到广泛应用。传统运行变形分析需要大量振动测点，工程上很难满足上述需求。提出一种基于有限参考点的设备运行变形分析方法。对结构进行锤击实验，获取参考点和观测点之间的频响函数矩阵，构建识别模型，计算出参考点和观测点之间的传递率矩阵。利用有限点的振动数据和传递率矩阵，计算设备全部测点的运行变形。为验证该方法，在某台架实验台上开展了试验研究。通过有限参考点方法计算所得运行变形振型比较好地反映了台架真实运行变形，并且发现了某截面振动异常现象，验证了本方法的可行性。

关键词: 振动, 参考点, 传递率, 运行变形, 频响函数