Abstract: In modern naval wars, the ships may be attacked by air or underwater explosive weapons, which not only damage the ship structures, instruments and weapon systems, but also seriously injure the crew on shipboard. In this paper, the refined description, comparison and analysis on ship shock injury, air shock injury and underwater shock injury were given respectively in several aspects, including shock wave characters, injury mechanisms, injury symptoms, safety limits and protection measures. Results of the research will be helpful to precisely and fast diagnose and cure the wounded, as well as offer a reference for anti-shock protection research.

Key words: vibration and wave , shock injury , underwater explosion , air explosion , ship personnel , injury effect , analysis

摘要： 在现代海战中，舰艇可能遭受到来自空中、水下爆炸性武器的攻击作用，不仅导致舰艇结构、设备和武器系统的破坏，而且对舰艇上人员造成严重伤亡。从冲击波物理特性、致伤机制、伤情特点、安全限值和防护措施等方面，对舰船冲击伤、水下冲击伤与气体冲击伤进行精炼的描述、对比和分析。研究结果有助于快速准确地对舰员冲击伤情进行诊断和救治，也为舰员抗冲击防护技术研究提供重要参考。

关键词: 振动与波, 冲击伤, 水下爆炸, 空中爆炸, 舰船人员, 损伤效应, 分析