Abstract: The fault of oil membrane oscillation in a centrifugal compressor of a factory in Longyan of Fujian province is analyzed. It is found that this fault is a particular one of sliding bearings operating at high rotation speeds. It usually occurs in the vicinity of twice critical rotation speed of the bearings. The characteristics of oil membrane oscillation are summarized. It is found that the first-order critical frequency component of the rotor in the frequency spectrum is the main peak value, and the locus of the bearing’s shaft is irregular and diffusive. The influential factors of oil membrane oscillation are analyzed. It is concluded that the oil membrane oscillation depends on the load, the critical speed, the bearing’s eccentricity, lubrication state, and bearing’s load characteristic coefficient. Then, the HHT method for the fault detection is proposed. It is found that with this method, the fault of oil membrane oscillation can be identified very quickly and precisely. Finally, some structural improvement measures for the centrifugal compressor are proposed for reducing the oil membrane oscillation. It is verified after half-year use that this method is simple, convenient and practical.

Key words: vibration and wave, centrifugal compressor, oil membrane oscillation, frequency spectrum, detection

摘要： 通过对福建龙岩某厂离心压缩机工作中油膜振荡的实际故障，从产生的机理分析入手，认为油膜振荡是高速滑动轴承的一种特有故障，一般发生在两倍临界转速附近；总结油膜振荡特征，即频谱中转子中1阶临界频率成分为主峰值，轴心轨迹不规则、扩散；分析影响油膜振荡的因素，认为与载荷、临界转速、轴承的相对偏心率、润滑油和轴承载荷特性系数有关。提出用HHT检测方法，可以在早期尽快、准确发现故障；并提出改进措施，经半年来的使用验证，该法简单、便捷、实用。

关键词: 振动与波, 离心压缩机, 油膜振荡, 频谱, 检测