Abstract:

In order to satisfy the requirements of vibration condition for those sophisticated components mounted in spacecraft, it is necessary to attenuate the vibration. Since the spacecraft works in a harsh environment with high vacuum and large temperature difference, the dampers used in it must have enough reliability. This paper aims to propose a novel eddy current damper used for attenuating vibration in spacecraft, which mainly includes two copper plates, one cylinder magnets and an electromagnetic shielding case. Firstly, Based based on the numerical simulation the magnetic field and mechanical finite element model are established to analyze the vibration damping characteristics of the eddy current damper. Moreover, a simulation method based on the three-dimensional electromagnetic transient analysis in ANSYS is proposed. The damping characteristics is tested on the vibration experiment table, where the sinusoidal excitation with amplitudes of 0.1mm and 1mm are applied when the frequency range is 1 ~ 50Hz. Then the mechanical analysis model of the damper is established according to the Bouc-Wen hysteretic theory. Meanwhile, the relationship among the loading, the damper structure and the alternating Lorentz force is studied. The results show that this new type of eddy current damper can output a damping force under applied load, which is closer to the simulation results. The relationship between the damping coefficient and the excitation frequency is obtained. In addition, the simulation and experimental results show that the damping performance of proposed current damper is much better than that of the eddy current damper with only one plate, which verifies the correctness of structure of the eddy current damper. The presented model can be well used to reflect the mechanical properties of eddy current damper.

摘要：

基于电涡流原理提出一种新型的可用于航天器振动被动抑制的电涡流阻尼器。首先，依托数值仿真建立阻尼器的磁场和力学有限元分析模型，对阻尼器的性能进行分析计算。其次，在振动测试实验台上进行阻尼特性测试，获得了小位移0.1 mm、大位移1 mm下的1 Hz～50 Hz频率范围内正弦激励作用工况下的阻尼系数。然后根据Bouc-Wen滞回模型建立了阻尼器的力学模型，研究了负载、阻尼器结构、交变洛仑兹力之间的关系。研究结果表明这种新型的电涡流阻尼器在外载激励作用下能够输出与仿真结果较为接近的阻尼力，且阻尼系数随激励频率变化具有明显的规律性，根据仿真和实验结果建立的阻尼力力学模型可以很好地用于电涡流阻尼器的力学特性仿真分析。

关键词: 振动与波, 电涡流阻尼器, 减振, 阻尼特性, 有限元