Abstract:

Constrained damping treating is made on wheel’s surface for domestic standard wheels of passenger trains. Six types of damped wheels are designed. Standard and damped wheel models are built with ANSYS and the effects of thickness of damped layer, material and thickness of constrained layer on reducing wheel vibration are analyzed respectively. Then structural loss factors of these wheels are calculated by means of FEM method. The analysis has demonstrated that if the thicknesses of the damping layer and constraint layer are larger, the vibration reduction will be more effective. The effect of vibration reduction of such damped wheels with steel constraint ayer is obviously better than those damped wheels with aluminum constraint layer. And the structural loss factors of the damped wheels are much larger than those of the standard wheels. Most structural loss factors are above 0.003 under different working conditions within the frequency range of 1500 Hz to 5000Hz.

Key words: vibration and wave, damped wheel, finite element analysis, structural loss factor

摘要：

对国内标准客车车轮外侧表面进行约束型阻尼处理，设计了6种阻尼车轮结构型式。在NSYS中建立标准车轮和阻尼车轮的实体模型，分别分析了阻尼层的厚度、约束层的材料和厚度对阻尼车轮减振效果的影响，用有限单元法计算了6种阻尼车轮的结构损耗因子。分析结果表明，阻尼层、约束层的厚度越厚，阻尼车轮的减振效果越好，敷设钢质约束层的阻尼车轮的减振效果要明显好于敷设铝质约束层的阻尼车轮；阻尼车轮的结构损耗因子较标准车轮有大幅度的提高，在1500Hz以上频段，各阻尼车轮的结构损耗因子绝大多数都在0.003以上。

关键词: 振动与波, 阻尼车轮, 有限元分析, 结构损耗因子