关键词: 声学, 通风结构, 隔声, 声屏障, 四分之一波长管

Abstract: The simultaneous ventilation and noise reduction is a crucial requirement for constructing a comfortable architectural environment. This study presents the design of the VAS utilizing quarter-wavelength tubes, capable of achieving sound energy attenuation exceeding 15 dB across a broad frequency range surpassing 1000 Hz. Inspired by the change in overlapping area between the rotated and unrotated two-dimensional patterns, the ventilation area can be simply adjusted by rotation. According to the tunability of the ventilation area, the research selected semi-circles, ellipses, and squares (tunability from high to low) as the two-dimensional cross-sections of the ventilation openings for comparative study. Through finite element analysis, the acoustic characteristics of the proposed VAS were investigated under both normal plane wave and diffuse field incidence conditions, and the validity of the simulation model was verified by experiments. Specifically, two passbands around 1045 Hz and 1675 Hz that influence the broadband sound insulation performance of the VAS, and the mechanisms behind their generation and suppression were discussed in detail. It was observed that improving the uniformity of the incident wave distribution along the resonant chamber center can effectively suppress the passbands. Overall, this study provides new insights into the design of sound insulation structures with tunable ventilation areas.