Abstract: Domestic standards often use equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level to evaluate structure-borne noise induced by subway, with an evaluation range of 16 Hz-200 Hz. However, the A-weighted sound pressure level significantly attenuates the low-frequency portion. The data used to analyze the distribution pattern of structure-borne noise and verify the applicability of equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level with loudness was measured in an ultra high-rise building above a metro depot. The results show that the frequency range of indoor noise in the ultra high-rise building decreased with the floor increasing; with the upper limit of the analysis frequency changing from the standard’s 200 Hz to the actual distribution, the amplitude of the change in the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level is difficult to detect by the human ear, while the change in the loudness level can be clearly perceived by the human ear; the proportion of energy above 200 Hz is small, but its impact on loudness is significant and should not be ignored. It is highly possible to underestimate the impact of structure-borne noise in ultra high-rise buildings with the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level of 16 Hz-200 Hz. The results have theoretical significance for effectively evaluating the structure-borne noise induced by subway.

摘要： 国内标准多采用等效A声级来评价车致振动引起的二次结构噪声，评价范围为16 Hz~200 Hz。鉴于A声级对低频部分的大幅度衰减 ，本文根据国内某车辆段上盖超高层建筑的实测数据，对室内结构噪声沿建筑高度分布的规律进行分析，并通过与响度的对比，对等效A声级的适用性进行验证。结果表明：车致振动引起的上盖超高层建筑室内噪声频率分布范围随楼层变化，楼层越高，频带越窄；分析频带由标准规定的16 Hz~200 Hz变为有效噪声分布频带时，等效A声级的变化幅度难以被人耳察觉，响度级的变化却能明显被人耳感知；200 Hz以上能量占比小，但对响度评价的影响较大。若仍以16 Hz~200 Hz等效A声级来评价上盖超高层建筑室内结构噪声，会低估其响亮程度。研究结果对有效评价上盖建筑结构噪声的影响具有理论指导意义。