Abstract: The ghost images easily exist in the reconstruction of acoustic fields by the use of beamforming algorithm, which leads to much difficulty for the accurate identification of reconstructed acoustic fields. After detailed deduction of the beamforming algorithm, the relation between the shape parameters of microphone array and the ghost images-existing and the method of eliminating ghost images were attained in the reconstruction of acoustic fields. After the elimination of ghost images, the reconstruction precision would be improved if the value of D/λwas increased by means of optimization design of the array shape. What’s more, some reconstruction of acoustic fields experiments of the pure sound and narrow-band noise were made, which verified the feasibility of the method.

摘要： 在利用波束形成算法进行声场重构时，容易出现鬼影现象，给重构声场的准确辨识带来极大困难。在对波束形成算法进行理论推导后，获得麦克风阵列的结构参数与鬼影产生的关系，进而获得消除鬼影的方法；并在此基础上，优化麦克风阵列的布局形式，设计阵列的最大孔径比，可以有效提高重构精度。通过纯音实验和窄带噪声实验，验证了消除鬼影和提高声场重构精度方法的有效性。

关键词: 声学, 声场重构, 波束形成, 鬼影, 重构精度