关键词: 声传函, 噪声降低量, 汽车隔声, 遮阳帘, 比流阻

Abstract: Addressing prevalent market complaints regarding noise in the passenger vehicle market and incorporating human auditory sensitivity across frequency bands, this study consolidates the industry-standard metrics—Acoustic Transfer Function (ATF) and Noise Reduction (NR)—into a unified weighted indicator: Weighted Compound Noise Reduction (WCNR). This single-value metric quantifies the overall acoustic insulation performance of vehicles. Through structural analysis of sunshades, the specific flow resistance is identified as the key acoustic performance indicator. Combined with the layout environment of a sunshade, the sound insulation and sound absorption properties are investigated. While sound insulation increases monotonically with rising flow resistivity, the absorption coefficient initially rises and then declines. A Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) model was established for a sedan featuring a roof glass panel, enabling vehicle sound insulation simulation and experimental validation. Results indicate that maximum WCNR is achieved at a flow resistivity of approximately 103 Pa·s/m. Compared to configurations without sunshades, this optimization yields an improvement of approximately 1.1 dB.

Key words: Acoustic Transfer Function, Noise Reduction, Weighted Compound Noise Reduction, sunshade, specific airflow resistance