关键词: 国道, 交通噪声, 乡村民居, 室外噪声, 噪声控制, Cadna/A软件, 仿真

Abstract: Given the lack of research on traffic noise control in rural residential areas along national highways, this paper takes a typical courtyard-style residence in the Xishan Town section of G320 as an example, combines on-site monitoring and Cadna/A three-dimensional simulation, and quantitatively evaluates the noise reduction effects of measures such as road setback, traffic control, sound barriers, and courtyard walls. The results show that increasing the road setback can significantly attenuate noise, and when the distance increases from 25 m to 425 m, the noise reduction can exceed 20 dB(A); in traffic control, road speed limit is better than simply reducing traffic volume or heavy vehicle ratio; increasing the height and length of the sound barrier can attenuate noise, and the effect is particularly significant when the height reaches 4.5 m; the courtyard wall can effectively reduce courtyard noise, and the facade noise attenuation is restricted by factors such as building height and road width. The three proposed coordinated solutions of "setback-speed limit-sound barrier-courtyard wall" can all control the nighttime noise in the front yard to below 55 dB(A) and the noise in the backyard and atrium to below 50 dB(A), fully meeting the noise limit requirements of GB 3096-2008 and significantly improving the acoustic environment of the facades facing the road. The research results provide a scientific basis and technical guidance for the acoustic environment management of residential buildings along the national highway.

Key words: national highway, traffic noise, rural residence, outdoor noise, noise control, Cadna/A, simulation