Abstract: The influencing factors of noise and vibration of vehicles are material, tire pressure, vehicle’s structure, road conditions, and so on. This paper analyzes the influence of the inflation pressure of the tire on the noise and vibration of the vehicles. According to the experimental data and theoretical analysis, tire rigidity and natural frequency will increase with the rise of tire’s inflation pressure; suspension and auto vibration will vary evidently with the change of the tire’s pressure; the tire’s pressure has some influence on air pumping noise; the influence of the tire’s pressure on tire’s noise level is low and irregular; the rise of the tire’s pressure will decline the capability of tire’s vibration absorbing and increase the sense of vibration and shock, and will also reduce the riding comfort of the vehicle. The reasonable tire’s pressure is important for reducing the noise and vibration of the entire vehicle.

Key words: noise and vibration, natural frequency, rigidity, suspension, tire pressure

摘要： 影响汽车振动噪声的因素有设计、材料、胎压、结构、路况等，研究轮胎充气压力变化对轮胎和整车振动噪声的影响。通过实验数据和理论分析得知，轮胎刚度与固有频率随轮胎充气压力的升高而增加；悬架与汽车振动特性随轮胎充气压力的变化而有较明显改变；轮胎气压对气泵噪声也有不同程度的影响；胎压对轮胎噪声水平影响不大，而且对实验用轮胎噪声水平影响不具有规律性；胎压升高使得轮胎减振性能下降，增加整车冲击振动感，降低汽车行驶平顺性和乘坐舒适性。因此，合理的轮胎充气压力，不但可以降低和改善整车振动噪声；而且还可以提高汽车行驶平顺性与乘坐舒适性。

关键词: 声学, 噪声与振动, 固有频率, 刚度, 悬架, 轮胎气压