Abstract: Taking the common monolithic track bed, type Ⅲ damping fastener, polyurethane damping pad and steel spring floating plate track of subway line as the research objects, the damping effects of track structures under different damping measures were compared and analyzed through on-site driving vibration tests. Meanwhile, the frequency response and attenuation characteristics of track structure under different damping measures were studied by hammering test. The results show that there is little difference in the rail vibration acceleration among the four types of tracks, and the tunnel wall vibration acceleration of steel spring floating slab track is the smallest, and the high frequency damping effect of all kinds of track damping is better than that of low frequency damping, and type Ⅲ damping fastener, polyurethane damping pad and steel spring floating plate reduce tunnel wall vibration by 2.9 dB,13.7 dB and 22.4 dB, respectively. The decrease of the stiffness of damping fasteners leads to the obvious decrease of the resonance mode of the rail and the attenuation ability of the rail vibration along the longitudinal direction. Polyurethane damping pad and steel spring floating plate track are consistent in the variation of rail frequency response characteristics and vibration attenuation characteristics.

摘要： 以地铁线路的普通整体道床、Ⅲ型减振扣件、聚氨酯减振垫和钢弹簧浮置板轨道为研究对象，通过现场行车振动测试对比分析不同减振措施下轨道结构的减振效果，同时利用锤击试验研究不同减振措施下轨道结构的频响特征和衰减特性。结果表明：4 种类型轨道的钢轨振动加速度相差不大，钢弹簧浮置板轨道的隧道壁振动加速度最小；各种轨道的高频减振效果均好于低频减振效果，Ⅲ型减振扣件、聚氨酯减振垫和钢弹簧浮置板分别使隧道壁振动降低2.9 dB、13.7 dB和22.4 dB；减振扣件刚度减小导致钢轨共振频率明显减小，对沿钢轨纵向传播的振动衰减能力降低；聚氨酯减振垫和钢弹簧浮置板轨道钢轨频响特征与振动衰减特性的变化规律具有一致性。

关键词: 振动与波, 减振轨道, 现场试验, 频响特征, 钢轨衰减率